Pericarditis crónica en un loro gris africano (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) causada por Salmonella
Chronic pericarditis in an African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) caused by Salmonella
T. Cardona, M. Máinez, C. Juan-Sallés
Contacto: greentere@hotmail.com
Resumen
Se presentó una hembra adulta de loro gris africano, con historial previo de picaje, por un episodio agudo de convulsiones, letargia, anorexia y diarrea. Se instauró inicialmente un tratamiento con calcio, vitaminas, enrofloxacina, fluidoterapia y glucosa, y fue colocada en una jaula de oxigenoterapia durante 5 días. La bioquímica sanguínea reveló un aumento de AST, ácidos biliares y CK, y un descenso moderado de albúmina, proteínas totales y sodio. Las radiografías mostraron hepatomegalia. Se añadió silimarina y lactulosa al tratamiento durante 1 mes y, después de finalizar éste, se presentó de nuevo con anorexia y letargia, y murió de forma hiperaguda. La necropsia reveló una pericarditis fibrinosa grave, hidroceloma moderado, pulmones enrojecidos y un hígado de color verde. Los hallazgos microscópicos consistieron en una pericarditis fibrinosa y necrosupurativa crónica, rabdomionecrosis grave con necrosis fibrinoide y trombosis de arterias intralesionales, celomitis visceral fibrinosa, necrosis hepática con colestasis hepatocelular grave y neumonía intersticial con atelectasia. Se cultivó Salmonella sp. del exudado pericárdico. El caso de salmonelosis aquí descrito resulta inusual, basado en el componente predominante de pericarditis crónica.
Palabras clave: Ácidos biliares, pericarditis fibrinosa, Psittacus erithacus, Salmonella sp..
Summary
An adult female African grey parrot with a previous history of feather picking was presented with an acute onset of seizures, lethargy, anorexia and diarrhea. Initially, it was treated with calcium, vitamins, enrofloxacin, fluids and glucose, and placed in an oxygen cage for 5 days. Serum chemistries revealed elevated AST, bile acids, and CK, as well as mildly decreased albumin, total protein, and sodium. Radiographs revealed hepatomegaly. It was additionally treated with silymarin and lactulose for 1 month. At the end of treatment, the bird was presented again with anorexia and lethargy, and died peracutely. Necropsy revealed severe fibrinous pericarditis, moderate hydrocoelom, diffusely reddened lungs, and a green discoloration of the liver. Microscopic findings consisted in severe chronic fibrinous and necrosuppurative pericarditis, chronic pectoral rhabdomyonecrosis with fibrinoid necrosis and thrombosis of intralesional arteries, fibrinous visceral coelomitis, hepatic necrosis with severe hepatocellular cholestasis, and interstitial pneumonia with atelectasis. Salmonella sp. was cultured from the pericardial exudate. The case of salmonellosis reported herein is unusual because of the predominant component of chronic pericarditis.
Keywords: Bile acids, fibrinous pericarditis, Psittacus erithacus, Salmonella sp..